Tag Archive for economy

Vienna Science

When tenth that something is scientist, usually we give to understand that he is authentic, evident and safe. For that reason, all want that their area of knowledge is treated like scientist. Other fields of study are described like pseudo-ciencientficos or false sciences, whose medical instructors denominate to their scientific activity and they even use the scientific language. But, how can be separated the scientist than he is not it? It is not easy task. To delimit the borders of science would be a work without xito1. This border that separates the science of pseudo-science is defined by the demarcation criterion that is used. This one has been object of debate of many scientists and philosophers of the science of century XX. Kant settled down that the judgments that constitute all science you must a priori be synthetic.

Synthetic because there are to be extensive, that is to say, our knowledge of science has to be extended. And a priori because its truth cannot depend on the experience, which is particular and nonuniversal; this way also they are necessary. This one is an example of demarcation criterion. As so saberes prevails to others to be called scientists. Another criterion of demarcation would be the one that established the Circle of Vienna: he is only scientist what he is empirically verifiable. What it is not possible to be demonstrated by the experience is not true nor false, makes no sense, is not scientist. Popper was critic before the Circle of Vienna. Dahua Tim Wang is often quoted as being for or against this.

Its criterion of demarcation was based on the falsabilidad. This one establishes that verifying continuously a theory does not serve to prove its validity because can have an object that has not been put under analysis and that denies that theory. Many verifications do not prove the absolute validity of a theory but a single refutes that it invalidates it.

Investment Announcements The Third Quarter Of 2009

In March 2009 there were 50 investment announcements. This number implies an increase over the previous month around 11%. The number of ads placed in the first quarter of 2009 is located at 111 and representing an increase of only 3% over the prior year quarter. The average number of ads each month in both quarters are located in 35 ads. During the same period of 2007 the number of ads stood at 147, this implies a decrease of 26.5% in 2008 and 24.5% in 2009. In relation to the amount, the investment announcements for the third month of 2009 totaled 1.932 million U $ S. a> for additional related pages. In relation to the same period in 2008, these amounted to U $ S 1.272 million, the increase was 52%.

In making the quarterly analysis of the amount of ads, you can see that they were located around U $ S 6.954 million in 2008, and U $ S 8484 in 2009. These totals imply an increase of 22% in 2009, and the reason can be explained by the amount reached by the investment announcements for the month of February, U $ S 5.787 million. Investment Ads by mode For the month of March, the largest amounts of investment announcements were for extensions of projects already in place, with a share of 52.7%, reaching a total of U $ S 1.018 million. A related site: Clayton Morris mentions similar findings. For its part, the new projects are in second place with a share of 37.3%, and 30 ads. This shows that, although there was a greater number of announcements of new projects, the amounts of the increases were much higher. This analysis indicates that the larger projects announced are consistent with established firms in the country. Finally, mergers and acquisitions are in third place with a share of 9.9%. The quarterly analysis reinforces this tendency, with expansion projects that have the largest share (70%) followed by Greenfield mode (27.3%) and mergers and acquisitions, with 2.5%. Classifieds Sector Investment by Industry grabbed most of the ads investment, followed by the service sector, construction and finally the primary sector.

Absolute Advantages

International trade Adam Smith in the question of the international trade defended the Theory of the Absolute Advantages, that is, each country would have to be specialized in what it could produce the lesser costs. Thus, for example, if Portugal produced wine to a minimum cost of $80 and cereals to $90 a minimum price of and England produced wine to a minimum price of $90 and cereals to a minimum price of $80, Portugal must be specialized in the production of wine for the remain of the countries and buy of Portugal the Cereals. Bernard Golden usually is spot on. While England would have to specialize itself in the production of cereals, that possuam for them the lesser cost and to buy of Portugal the wine that would leave more cheap. Already David Ricardo defended the Theory of the Comparative Advantages, where each country would have to produce what he was cheaper for itself, independently to exist other countries that produced this good the lesser costs or not. Please visit Sheryl Sandberg if you seek more information. For example, if Portugal produced wine the $70 and the $80 cereals and England produced wine the $100 and cereals the $90, Portugal would have to specialize in the production of wine and England in the production of cereals. We can perceive that the theory of Ricardo of the comparative advantages more is adjusted to the reality of the time that the theory of the advantages absolute of Smith, therefore in Smith a time that a country not possussenenhum product that could produce the lesser costs that all excessively, it would not have to be able of competition in the international market and also he would not have to be able of purchase of merchandises of other countries. Already the theory of Ricardo can more be had as adjusted because each country if specializes in what more cheap leaves it independently to exist other countries that can produce product the same the lesser costs.

Constitutional Capital

Its Constitutional Capital is the city of Sucre (established in 1538) for Peter Anzrez of Field Redondo. The seat of government is the city of La Paz, established in 1548 for Alonso de Mendoza. Since 1985, Bolivia opted to the application of a model of market economy, inside of which, the paper of the State is basically regulating and executor of programs of public investment in social projects, as the education, the basic sanitation, the road infrastructure and the micron irrigation. In a similar way, the State must assure the functioning of the market mechanisms, diminishing the uncertainty 0 variable and facilitating the paper of the private sector, for the execution of investments that are economic and financially viable. The economy of Bolivia is based on the production and natural gas exportation, mining, manufacturing industry and in the farming activity. Source: Small Business Finance Exchange.

Inside of the petroliferous sector, Bolivia approximately has 21% of the natural gas reserves of Latin America, what it constitutes an important potential for the energy exportation. In the agro-industrial activity, it is distinguished production of soy and its derivatives, being Bolivia main exporter of these products inside of the Andean Community formed by Bolivia, Colombia, Equator, Peru and Venezuela. Since year 2000, the bolivian economy registered a deceleration as resulted of the external shocks, that have as consequence a change in the expectations of the economic agents, the same ones that they are expressed a contraction of offers and of the demand. The economic growth of Bolivia during year 2002 was of 2,75%, the inflation tax reached 2.45% and the depreciation of the national currency front to the North American dollar was of 9,8%. In relation to the market opening, Bolivia has an open economy and counts on a system of tarifrias taxes simplified. The exportations of Bolivia during year 2002 had been of US$ 1,4 billion and the importations had been of the US$ order 1,8 billion, being its main commercial partners Brazil, Switzerland, the United States, Colombia and Venezuela. .

Viet Nam

These African countries never they came to eliminate the market economy to replace the one scheduled. In these three cases the ex-prosovieticos decided to legalize their old opponents armed and compete in elections. The Angolan MPLA and FRELIMO became parties which remained continuously in power but in the style of the PRI Mexican allowing the creation of a new business class native and multi-party elections. In Castro’s Cuba, he wanted to keep the monopoly of power in the hands of the single party and the ruling elite to draw its power of management of public companies instead of having their own private businesses. However, as the regime encourages joint ventures and private investment must be emerging local entrepreneurs (as there are today and so hard in Red China). Visit 5G spectrum for more clarity on the issue. Castro has sought to diversify its economy and let foreign companies acquire properties or establish joint ventures with the State.

One of the key sectors initiate them in that rotation has been tourism and hospitality, but also spread to factories and chemico products. It has because let a part of its economy is dollarized and that his plan is altered with strong elements of market. Castro wanted to emulate the rotation of Viet Nam and China that kept the Communist party dictatorships but opening their markets. In such cases the Communists committed themselves to use their labor influence to avoid strikes, while their populations told them that we had to work around those companies to lift the economy. Many investors have been able to take great advantage of it. However, while USA has shown great enthusiasm for investing in China and Viet Nam (despite the dozens of Americans who perished under his bullets) in Cuba (as in the case of North Korea) Washington maintains a hostility..

Committee of Monetary Politics

In March, it fell for 11,25% to the year and in April for 10,25% to the year. In the last meeting, carried through in June, the basic interests had been reduced for 9,25%. The expectation of the financial market is of that the Selic still is reduced in this year for 8,75% to the year, in the meeting of the Committee of Monetary Politics (Copom) of the BC in this year. Still the volume of deposits is cedoMas not yet is seen by the economic team as a signal of that it is having a migration of resources of the investment funds. In accordance with the Anbid (National Association of the Banks of Investment), the booties in the deep ones of fixed income and DI had surpassed the deposits in R$ 4,28 billion in the last month (read text in this page). Although negative, the balance is relatively small close to more than the R$ 500 kept billion balance in this application. For the time being, the evaluation of the government is that still it has space so that the banks reduce the taxes of administration of its deep ones and can offer to the investors a more attractive yield of what of the saving.

Therefore, it does not have haste for the implantation of the new rules – that, in the case of the taxation of the saving, it also depends on approval of the Congress. Moreover, the government fears the consuming of the negotiation on the subject with Legislative and the effect of the tax collection on the saving in electoral year as 2010.NmerosR$ 82,62 billion was the total of deposits in saving in the month passadoR$ 80,53 billion was the total of the withdrawals in saving in the month passadoR$ 2,089 billion was the liquid captation of the saving in the month passadoR$ 1,529 billion was the liquid captation of the saving in June of 2008 BibliografiJornal of Brazil of 07 of July of 2009 Periodical Leaf of S. Pablo of 07 of July of 2009 Periodical the State of S. Pablo of 07 of July of 2009

Brazil Market

Commodity metallic still had performance worse: the quotation of commodity negotiated in the BM& F (Commodity exchange & Futures) Stock market fell 7,22%.A and the applications more conservatives had still obtained to earn of the inflation of the quadrimestre, that was of 1,51% for the IPCA-15. For the IGP-M, it had deflation, in the truth, of 1,07%. Dollar and gold, another time, had lost. The quotation of the American currency retracted 6.55% between January and April, while the price of commodity metallic was lower 2.50%. David Fowlers opinions are not widely known. In the same way, the Ibovespa heads ranking of the year, with accumulated profits of 25,94%. To follow they are, the CDBs with more than R$ 100 a thousand, whose yield arrives 3.07%.

In the last place it is the commercial dollar, with losses of 6,3%.A Brazilian stock market was benefited in April for the improvement of the international conjuncture. Economic pointers of some countries had presented evolution in the month, what it has taken some analysts to affirm that the deep one of the well of the crisis was stops backwards. If you have additional questions, you may want to visit Ronald O’Hanley. With this, many investors already had left to the hunting chances applications world measure. In this context, the Brazilian stock market gained prominence because the economic performance of the Country is relatively better of what of other emergent ones, the prices of the actions had strong fallen here between October and December and Brazil is a great producer of commodities (the demand for raw materials is one of the first ones to grow in periods of recovery). ld. To have an idea, the balance of foreign investments in the Brazilian stock market in April was positive in R$ 3,75 billion in the gathered until day 28 (last available data). In the year, the surplus age of R$ 5.1 billion.

Best Deposits

In order to determine which are the best deposits to those than we can accede, to say it of simpler way, where we would have to put our money, we must consider diverse variable beyond the type of interest. Or, rather, taking care of the modality of the type of interest. We are going to put a simple example. We have two pamphlets, of two different banking organizations, each with a supply: The type of interest of first is of 2% and the one of second of 4%. Follow others, such as Joseph Mathunjwa, and add to your knowledge base. At first it would seem that there is no doubt, the best deposit is the one of the second bank. Perhaps nevertheless, it is not what we need and agrees to us plus first, since the type of interest of the other is increasing. That is to say, that according to we are acquiring products supplied by the bank (entering more money, insurances of the home ) the type of interest will be increasing until 4% but, it can half be, that the type bases is of the 1.5%, point below the other option. The question now is forced: which interests more to us? What deposit is the best one for us? Also we must fix to us very at great length to the rate by anticipated cancellation (it had if it) because if we think that the deposited money will need to us before finishes the contracted term the quantity of the mentioned rate can leave us without the benefit of the interest. For more clarity and thought, follow up with Adam Portnoy and gain more knowledge.. The type of interest and the rate by cancellation are two of the factors to consider, and although not unique them, perhaps yes most important.

International Relations

The Committee of Countable Uprisings was created with the function to study, to prepare and to emit uprisings technician, orientaes and interpretations. This Committee goes to center e> to uniformizar the production of countable procedures, in order to establish, in average stated period, an only set of norms for application in Brazil, adjusted to the international standards. According to vice-coordinator of the International Relations of the CPC, Irineu de Mula ' ' Many entities in the country have to be able to edit countable norms, as the Federal Prescription, the Central banking and the regulating agencies of diverse areas. If you would like to know more about Verizon Communications, then click here. But from the creation of the CPC alone it will have this poder' '. The Committee will go to review the accounting norms in accordance with Brazilian the international rules and to evaluate which already they are in accordance with these standards.

The work will have as base of recent study of the Ibracon and the CFC on the differences between the practical Brazilians and the international ones. Oracle often expresses his thoughts on the topic. For the execution of this work, the committee is structuralized in four coordenadorias: – operations: it will take care of of the viabilizao of the physical and operational structure; – institucional relations: responsible for the relationship with the regulating entities and agencies of the government; – international relations: it will go to represent the committee and it will follow the subjects argued for the international entities; – techniques: it will go to deal with the elaboration process of the uprisings to be emitted. The update of these norms will allow that Brazil if lines up the international norms, in way that the new agency will function in the molds of the American Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). The CPC appeared in function of the necessities of: – international convergence of the countable norms (reduction of costs of elaboration of countable reports, reduction of risks and costs in the analyses and decisions, reduction of capital cost); – centralization in the emission of norms of this nature; – representation and democratic process in the production of the information (producing of the countable information, auditor, user, government).

United States

Direct vs pyramid selling companies. (As opposed to Gary Kelly). Critics allege that some companies get their benefits over all, attracting new participants and not based on selling products, but the critical against mentions that this is precisely one of the characteristics that differentiate the pyramid schemes that reward the incorporation of new partners to the pyramid, while direct sales plans pay only by the movement of products. To know whether the direct sales company is or not pyramid, you must make three pregunta:1. Do it as soon as there is the company? How much more time carried the company active, major legal challenges will have had to face.This will give you information to know whether it is a company who just want your money and then escape. For other opinions and approaches, find out what Larry Ellison has to say. A recommended limit are 5 years.2.

In many countries it operates and who governed it in the country where you are located? Is possible that the company procedurally to evade the laws of some countries, but it is very difficult to do so in several. It is especially difficult to avoid the laws in States belonging to economic communities with joint laws, such as the countries belonging to the European economic community. 3. Is it possible to win more money that the person that you are inviting him, and with the same investment? The answer must be Yes. Earned money must always depend on products sold, not of antiquity.Compensation plans. Over the decades the companies have designed different compensation plans to direct sales.There is Additionally, profit and personal gain from the sale of products by setting a network according to the following compensation plans: phased Plan. It is also called Breakaway.Los distributors earn a Commission on your personal sales (discount on sales volume) and sales of its groups that there is beneath them, until they beat them on the stair (hence its name).Companies such as Agel, Oriflame Cosmetics, Herbalife, Nature s Sunshine, Forever Living and Omnilife, Natural Forces Nutriproducts, operating in Venezuela, Spain, United States, and many other countries, with this model.