The main method of treating cavities is preparation – surgical treatment of the tooth, which is excised nonviable dental hard tissue with subsequent sealing. Under the preparation of the tooth should be understood tooling, which resulted in excised all nonviable, tooth caries. In addition, as a result of preparation, are the optimal conditions for fixation filling material. The concept includes elements of the cavity formed, its components, namely: the edges, walls, corners and bottom. The edges of the restricted inlet cavity. Cavity walls are called, depending on the surface of the crown to which they . The angles between the parallel vertically standing walls are the main elements of the fixation of filling material. Bottom of the cavity is considered to be surface facing the pulp tooth, regardless of the localization cavity.
Fig. 5 Elements shaped cavity: 1 – Region 2 – wall, 3 – bottom. Fig. 6 In the preparation necessary to implement the principles, without observing that it is impossible to achieve the goal of preparation – To create a cavity not only convenient for sealing, but also provides its fixation. Dissection preceded by the definition of localization cavity, its size, the choice of instruments. Localization cavity determined during inspection of the mouth using a mirror, probe and additional artificial lighting.
As an aid in determining the localization of cavities, especially at the contact tooth surfaces, using X-ray. The choice of instruments for cavity preparation is determined by its size and location. Boron or excavator must freely enter the cavities. In the process dissection tools are used to required size, gradually moving from small to large. Ripple: the source for more info. If, during the preparation to be excised a number of intact enamel (typically cavity class II), then use carbide burs and diamond head. It is also advisable to use a turbine drill with water cooling. Anaesthesia – an important stage of preparation, since it allows physician to fully and efficiently carry out preparation and to prepare the tooth for filling. There are many methods and means of pain relief. The choice depends on the localization of cavity, the depth of destruction, group affiliation of the tooth. Painless dissection ensured primedikatsiey and anesthesia. Reduction of pain during dissection facilitates the work of intermittent sharp burs, zapyatayaobraznymi movements, the use of high speeds hog (in turbine commenced – 300 000 rpm) that exclude the high pressure on the tooth, water-cooling. It should be remembered that the excision of solid tissues are particularly susceptible in the field enamel-dentin border and the areas near the neck of the tooth. Necessary to observe a sequence of stages of preparation: 1) the disclosure of cavity, 2) expanding, 3) necrectomy 4) cavities, and 5) Finishing (smoothing) the edges of the enamel. When preparation is absolutely necessary to carry out the complete removal of the softened and the pigmented dentin of affected teeth, because it is not viable, contains a huge number of microorganisms, their metabolic products, acids, contributing to the progression of the carious process. Exceptions are cases of deep caries, to avoid injury when the pulp is left at the bottom of the cavity a small number of pigmented and softened dentin, but subject to subsequent imposition of therapeutic pads containing antiseptics, antibiotics, substances which promote the formation of replacement of dentin. Pathologically unchanged dental hard tissue are removed efficiently. Uncritical implementation of the principle of Black "Extension for prevention" in order to prevent secondary caries, according to which are removed intact hard tissues of the tooth is at least misplaced, because they do not always have the development of secondary caries.
